Which nation has maintained a policy of not having a standing army for the past 50 years?

Costa Rica is notable for its decision to abolish its standing army in 1949, which has allowed the nation to focus on education, healthcare, and social welfare instead of military expenditures. This policy reflects Costa Rica’s commitment to peace and stability, fostering a reputation as a neutral country in international conflicts.

The absence of a standing army also enables Costa Rica to allocate resources toward development, emphasizing diplomacy and conflict resolution methods rather than military solutions. This model of national security has been influential in promoting peace and has earned Costa Rica recognition as a leader in disarmament efforts and international cooperation.

In contrast, other nations mentioned maintain some form of military presence due to historical, geographic, or political factors, which contrasts with Costa Rica's distinctive approach to security and international relations.