Which characteristic is NOT associated with the process of demographic transition?

The process of demographic transition describes the transition from high birth and death rates to lower birth and death rates as a country develops economically. This transition typically occurs in several stages, with countries advancing through each stage as their socio-economic conditions improve.

Decreased birth rates, increased life expectancy, and decreased death rates are all characteristic indicators of this process. As healthcare improves and living conditions become better, death rates decline due to fewer diseases and better health care. Increased life expectancy follows as more individuals live longer, healthier lives. Similarly, decreased birth rates occur as societal norms shift, often linked to increased access to education, particularly for women, and greater participation in the workforce.

In contrast, increased poverty rates are not a characteristic of this transition. In fact, demographic transition is generally associated with economic growth, which leads to improved living standards and a reduction in poverty over time in a developing nation. While short-term disruptions during the transition may occur, overall, the trend is toward economic development rather than an increase in poverty.