What is the primary function of the World Court in practice?

The primary function of the World Court, formally known as the International Court of Justice (ICJ), is to adjudicate cases brought before it by states. This role involves resolving legal disputes between countries, which is a foundational aspect of the Court’s operation. The ICJ interprets and applies international law to settle disputes that arise from treaties, customary international law, and other legal frameworks agreed upon by nations.

In practice, when states have disagreements regarding legal obligations or rights, they can submit their cases to the Court. The decisions made by the ICJ are binding on the states involved, provided that those states have accepted the Court's jurisdiction. This function underscores the Court's significance in maintaining international order and ensuring that legal issues are settled through judicial means rather than conflict.

While advisory opinions and mediation are important aspects of the ICJ's activities, they are secondary to its primary role of adjudication. The provision of advisory opinions to UN bodies is a function that allows the Court to offer legal guidance rather than involve itself directly in disputes. Similarly, mediation is typically undertaken by other entities or organizations, whereas the ICJ focuses specifically on legal adjudication based on established international law. Enforcement of international law is also not within the purview of the ICJ