What does the term "conflict and cooperation" refer to in international relations?

The term "conflict and cooperation" in international relations captures the dynamic and multifaceted nature of interactions between states. It acknowledges that states may engage in various types of behavior, ranging from efforts to resolve disputes and forge partnerships to instances of war and competition.

Understanding this duality is crucial because the international system is characterized by contradictions and complexity. For instance, countries may find themselves in conflict over territorial disputes or resources while simultaneously cooperating in areas such as trade, climate change, or security against common threats. This relationship reflects the reality that states operate in a global system where both rivalry and collaboration are possible.

Discussions of conflict and cooperation allow for a more nuanced understanding of international relations, emphasizing that interactions are not strictly adversarial or friendly. Instead, they can encompass a broad spectrum of activities that influence global politics, thereby making the concept integral to the study of international relations.