What aspect of international relations is Marxism primarily concerned with?

Marxism in the context of international relations focuses on the distribution of economic power as a central theme. This theoretical perspective asserts that the dynamics of international relations are deeply influenced by the economic relationships between different classes and states. It views the global system through the lens of capitalism, emphasizing how economic inequalities and the struggle between classes shape political events and international interactions.

In this framework, the capitalist class, or bourgeoisie, exploits the working class, or proletariat, creating a system characterized by conflict over resources and power. Marxists argue that state behavior is often driven by the interests of these dominant economic classes, and as a result, issues of wealth, resources, and class struggle become fundamental to understanding international relations. By examining the distribution of economic power, Marxism provides insights into how economic disparities can lead to conflicts, revolutions, and shifts in global power dynamics.

The other aspects mentioned, such as culture, military alliances, and non-state actors, while relevant in broader discussions of international relations, do not encapsulate the primary focus of Marxist theory. Instead, they often pertain to different theoretical approaches or schools of thought that emphasize various factors influencing international interactions.