How do constructivists view international relations?

Constructivists view international relations as primarily shaped by social constructions, including ideas, beliefs, identities, and norms. This perspective emphasizes that the way states and other actors in the international system behave is influenced by shared understandings and social contexts rather than solely by material conditions or power dynamics. Constructivists argue that these social constructs are critical in defining state interests and influencing behaviors, suggesting that international relations are not just a product of material forces or objective realities but are also significantly informed by human perceptions and collective identities.

For instance, the identity of a state or group, which can be shaped by cultural, historical, or social factors, plays a crucial role in how they interact with others. Norms regarding human rights, sovereignty, and diplomatic practices can be seen as frameworks that guide state behavior and the interactions between different actors on the global stage. This contrasts sharply with other perspectives that focus more on competition, economics, or natural resources, highlighting the importance of understanding the ideas and beliefs that underpin international interactions.