Colonialism hindered which of the following?

Colonialism significantly hindered widespread subsistence farming in the global South by prioritizing the economic interests of colonial powers over local agricultural practices. Colonial regimes often imposed cash crop systems that emphasized the production of crops for export rather than for local consumption. This shift reduced the capacity for subsistence farming, which is crucial for local populations to feed themselves and maintain their traditional agricultural practices. Consequently, local farmers were compelled to abandon their practices and integrate into the colonial economy, making them reliant on imported food and goods.

The other aspects reflected in the choices are less directly impacted by colonialism in the same way. For instance, the rise of industrial cities in Europe was often fueled by colonial resources rather than hindered by colonialism. Similarly, new technological advancements were often disseminated through colonial avenues due to access to different materials and markets. International trade routes expanded under colonialism, as European powers sought to connect their colonies for the purpose of trade, increasing global interconnectivity instead of hindering it. Thus, the impact of colonialism was profound on agriculture in the global South, making it a significant factor in the decline of subsistence farming.